Ithuba lokugcina ukuphakama kwe-HDPE eliphezulu lisikhuba esikhulu nesikhathi sokusebenza kwezindawo zokuburiala.

Ukuziqonda Ukuphakama kwe-Ring (SN) Kukusakha Kwethuba le-HDPE Lokuburiala

Indlela e-SN Yaqondisa Ukuphakama Kwezinhlobo Zokuburiala Ngokuphakama Kwezindawo Zokuburiala

Ukuphakanyiswa kwe-Ring (SN) yisibalo esisodwa sokubonisa ukuthi i-pipes zokususa amanzi ze-HDPE zizokwenza kanjani ukuthi zilungiselela ukuguqula phakathi kwesikhundla sokugwema kwamanzi. Ngaphandle kwezinkambo ezingenabutho—okuyiyo isibalo sokuthi isibindi sasembonini sithiwa kuphela emateriali yewall—izinkambo ezinamandla ze-HDPE ziyasebenza ngendlela yokuthumela umsebenzi wokuzimela: phakathi kwesikhundla sokugwema kwamanzi, inkambo iyaguqula kancane, ibonakalisa ukuthi izinkambo zokubeka emhlabeni ziyagwema ukuthi zilungiselela ukuguqula kwezinye izinkambo. Lokhu kukhomba ukuthi umsebenzi wokugwema kwezinkambo kuyigcina kwezinkambo zokubeka emhlabeni. Ukuphakanyiswa kwe-SN okukhulu (isibhalo: SN 8, SN 12, SN 16) kubonisa ukuthi i-wall yekambo iyakhulu futhi kuyagwema ukuguqula kancane. Ukuchaza kwe-SN okusebenzisa imithombo yezinhloso kusiza abahayi ukukhetha ukuthi inkambo iyakwenzeka kanjani ngokwesikhundla sokubeka emhlabeni, isitha semhlaba, nokuthi kuyakwenzeka kanjani ukugwema—ukuvikela ukuthi inkambo iyakwenzeka kancane kanye nokuthi amanzi ayakwenzeka kancane ngokwesikhundla sokubeka emhlabeni.

Imithambo Yokuburiala Yama-Pipe Ayase-Drainage Aya-HDPE Ama-SN 8, SN 12, ne-SN 16 Kuma-Soil Aya-Khokho Noma Aya-Granular

Izindlela zokufaka emhlabeni kwesifunda sezinkambo zesilika se-HDPE zihambisana ngokuphelele ne-SN rating kanye ne-Soil classification. Amasili okukhula—njengokwesandu esikhulu kanye ne-gravels—zabeka umsebenzi wokubuka ngokwesibonelo sokugqibela kanye ne-angle yokuqhubeka okuphezulu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amasili okukhanya njengokwamasili ayinakukhanya akabikhiwe ngendlela efane kakhulu ukubeka umsebenzi wokubuka ngokwesibonelo, ikakhulu lapho abafakwe ngokuphelele noma abafakwe ngokungabiyo. Ngakho-ke, isifunda se-SN 8 singasekhethekile ku-1.5 m emhlabeni wokukhula kodwa kusobala ukuthi kuzimele ku-0.8–1.0 m emhlabeni wokukhanya ngokufanayo kokulwa kwezindlu zokusebenza. Isifunda se-SN 12 sibuyisa lezi zidingo ku-1.5–3.0 m emhlabeni wokukhula kanye ku-1.0–2.0 m emhlabeni wokukhanya. Isifunda se-SN 16 sibeka isifunda esiphezulu sokukhanya, sibekisa izintando eziningi kune-3.0 m emhlabeni wokukhula kanye ku-2.0 m emhlabeni wokukhanya—futhi sibizwa ngokukhuluma ngokwesifunda sokukhanya ngokuphelele noma ngokwesifunda sokusebenza ngokuphelele. Lezi ziyizindlela zokubhekisa; ukukhetha okugcina kufanele kubhekiswe ngokwesifundo sesikhundla sokubhekisa izinto zokukhula zokusebenza, izinkambo zokukhula, izinkambo zokufaka, kanye nezindlela zokubhekisa njenge-ASTM D2321 kanye ne-AASHTO LRFD.

Ukusebenza kwe-Pipe Yokususa Amadluli e-HDPE Ngaphansi Kwemithombo Yezindiza Zokuhamba

Imikhombobo Yokufaka Imithombo: Sizinga Kuphi i-Pipe e-HDPE Ezingenakho Ukusebenza Kwezindiza Zokuhamba Zokubambisana Ngezindiza Zokugcina

Amapayipi okuhambisa amanzi e-HDPE amelana nemithwalo yethrafikhi engaguquguquki hhayi ngokumelana nokuguqulwa ngokuqinile, kodwa ngokuqondisa ukuguqulwa okulawulwayo kokugcwalisa okuhlelwe kahle. Lokhu kuguqulwa kucindezela ukufakwa kwecala, kusebenze ukumelana kwenhlabathi okungenzi lutho okuphikisana nomthwalo ophakeme owenziwe owaziwa ngokuthi ukuhlangana kwepayipi lomhlabathi. Ukufeza lokhu kuziphatha kudinga ukufakwa okuhle, okunezinhlayiya (isb., itshe elichotshoziwe) elihlanganiswe ngamaphakethe afanayo okungenani angama-90% wobuningi obujwayelekile beProctor. Lapho ifakwe kahle, uhlelo lugcina ukugoba ngaphakathi kwe-57.5% echazwe ku-ASTM D2321. Nakuba ama-SN aphezulunjenge-SN 12 noma i-SN 16ehlisa ukugoba okuphelele ngaphansi komthwalo othile, awashintshi ukuthembela okuyisisekelo ekusekelweni kwenhlabathi. Kunalokho, zandisa umkhawulo nokulindela, ikakhulukazi lapho ukuqina kokuqina kuyinselele noma ukujula kokumboza kunqunyelwe.

Ukusebenza okuqinisekisiwe: SN 16 I-HDPE Drainage Pipe Ihlangabezana Nezidingo ze-AASHTO LRFD H-20 ku-1.2 m Cover

Amathuluzi okubhalwa phansi kakhulu ayidinga ukuthi kubekwe isibonelo esihle sokuthi kuyabaleka ukuthi kubalekwa ngokuphelele—ikakhulukazi noma kubhekwa ngokuphinda-phinda, amandla amakhulu okuhamba kwemilayitha. Isifundo sika-AASHTO LRFD H-20 sisondela ukuthi kubekwe amandla angu-80 kN (18 kip) kwenkundla yokuqala yomthwalo wokuphakama, okuyisibonelo sokuthi kuyasebenza ngokwesikhathi sokumthwalo omkhulu. Ukuzivocavoca kuka-third-party ekuvamile kubonisa ukuthi iphayipi ye-HDPE ye-SN 16, ekubhalwe ngokusebenzisa i-Class I noma i-Class II yezinto zokubhalwa ezinamandla emagugu okubhalwa ngokuphelele, iyafika noma iyaphinda phambili kwezinkinga ze-H-20 ngokuphelele kwe-1.2 m yokubhalwa phansi. Ngokuzivocavoca ngokuphelele, ukubalwa kungabili kancane kune-5% futhi kubuyela kabusha ngokuphelele emva kokuthi kubhekwa ngokuphelele—kubonisa ukuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphambana nokuthi kuyabuyela kabusha. Lokhu kubonisiwe kuyakwenza i-SN 16 ibe yendawo eyafuneka kakhulu kwezinyathelo eziphansi kwezinyathelo eziningi ezinjengezinyathelo zokugcina izindlela, izindawo zokugcina amaphoyisa, namasiko okugcina amathuluzi, apho ukuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphelele ngokuphinda-phinda kuyakwenzeka ngokuphelele.

Izinkomba eziningi zokubhalwa ezinokuthi zithathe isibonelo sokuthi iphayipi ye-HDPE yokugcina amathuluzi iyasebenza ngokwesikhathi sokusebenza

Ukubuyisela kwe-Trench, Ukukhokha Kwe-Compaction, Nokuthinta Kwakho Kwe-Ring Stiffness Okufundiwe

Ukuthi isiphumo sokugcina kwe-SN ngokwesibonelo sepipe yokuqondisa ye-HDPE kufanele kubhekwe ekusebenzeni lapho umkhakha wamanzi omphakathi wasezulwini uyabeka ubukhulu bokugcina kwezandla. Ukuchaza kwemitha yezandla ne-compactness yazo kuyizinkinga eziphambili—akuzange kube zizinga ezincinci—ekupheleni kwemisebenzi yasezulwini. Umthakathi owengafanele, ophansi kakhulu, noma owangacompacti kahle awakwazi ukwenza ubukhulu bokugcina okufanele, futhi lokhu kubiza ukuthi izipipe ezinomkhakha we-SN omkhulu ziyaphinda zifike kumilingo wokuguqula okufanele. Isibonelo, isipipe se-SN 16 esihlanganisiwe kweclay engaqondisa kungafanele kangako njengesipipe se-SN 8 esihlanganisiwe kwe-gravel eyacompacti kahle. Umsebenzi wokuhlelwa kwezindustria uyavuma ukuthi umthakathi wamagranules, owenziwa ngokuvutha (isibonelo: ASTM D2321 Class I noma II), kufanele kubhalwa ngezikhundla zezandla zokubhalwa ngokuphelele kwe-150 mm futhi kucompacti kusukela ku-90% yendawo yokuqondisa ka-Proctor. Lokhu kubhekisa kuzo zonke izinkinga zokuxhumana kwezandla ne-sipipe—lokhu kuyisibonelo sokuhlelwa kwezinkambo zokugcina. Ukuphazimula noma ukuphazimula lezinkinga kuyathintela ukuthi kubhekwe kwezinkambo zokugcina, ukuphakanyiswa kwezinkambo zokugcina, ukufika kwamadoda emthakathi, nokuhlala kwezinkambo zokugcina kusukela kusasa.